Which action is primarily a control measure during an outbreak?

• A. Transmission-based precautions
• B. Routine hand hygiene compliance only
• C. Hospital-wide antibiotic prophylaxis for all patients
• D. Monthly staff training unrelated to outbreak

Answer: (A)

Controlling an outbreak relies on stopping the path of transmission, so the most effective move is to apply transmission-based precautions tailored to how the pathogen spreads. By isolating affected patients, using appropriate PPE, and employing cohorting or dedicated equipment, you directly cut the opportunities for contact and spread among patients, staff, and the environment. Routine hand hygiene is always essential and supports all infection-control efforts, but it isn’t the primary action that specifically interrupts transmission during an outbreak. Hospital-wide antibiotic prophylaxis for everyone isn’t appropriate for outbreak control because it doesn’t prevent spread and can cause harm, including resistance. Outbreak-focused actions are most effective when they address the actual routes of transmission and are implemented promptly.