What is the approximate risk of HIV transmission after a needlestick exposure?

• A. 2-10%.
• B. 0%
• C. 50%.
• D. 25%.

Answer: (A)

After a needlestick exposure, HIV transmission risk is low but not zero. The best-supported estimate is about 0.3% per exposure (roughly 1 in 300), though actual risk can vary with factors like the type of needle (hollow-bore needles carry more risk), the amount of blood, the stage of infection of the source, and how quickly post-exposure prophylaxis is started. The higher percentages suggested by some options overstate the likelihood, while zero risk is incorrect since transmission can occur. In real-world practice, exposure to an HIV-positive source warrants evaluation and, when indicated, prompt post-exposure prophylaxis to reduce risk.