From the provided data table of healthcare-associated infections (HAIs), which infection type had a standardized infection ratio above 1 with a statistically significant p-value?

• A. Surgical site infections (SSIs)
• B. Catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTIs)
• C. Central line-associated bloodstream infections (CLABSIs)
• D. Laboratory identified C. difficile infections (CDIs)

Answer: (A)

A standardized infection ratio above 1 with a statistically significant p-value means the observed infections exceed what the baseline model predicts, and that this difference is unlikely due to random variation. In the data, surgical site infections show this combination—a higher-than-expected rate with a significant p-value—indicating more SSIs occurred than predicted and the result is unlikely to be due to chance. The other infection types either do not exceed the predicted rate or do not show statistical significance, so they don’t meet both conditions.